With reference to the cultural history of India, consider the following statements:
- White marble was used in making Buland Darwaza and Khankah at Fatehpur Sikri.
- Red Sandstone and marble were used in making Bara Imambara and Rumi Darwaza in Lucknow.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2018 Prelims]
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
- Buland Darwaza:
- The Buland Darwaza, situated in Fatehpur Sikri, was constructed in 1602 A.D by the esteemed Mughal emperor, Akbar.
- This magnificent structure was built to commemorate his triumph over Gujarat.
- It is skillfully crafted using a combination of red and buff sandstone, adorned with intricate carvings and embellishments made of white and black marble.
- Although red sandstone was commonly employed by the Mughals in their architectural endeavors, this statement contradicts the official UPSC answer key.
- Bara Imambara:
- The Bara Imambara, located in Lucknow, was commissioned by Asaf-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Awadh, in 1784.
- This architectural marvel boasts a remarkable feature: there is no woodwork incorporated throughout its entirety.
- The roof of the structure is ingeniously assembled using interlocking bricks, eliminating the need for beams or girders.
- Rumi Darwaza:
- Constructed in 1784 by Nawab Asaf-ud-daula, the Rumi Darwaza is another prominent structure in Lucknow.
- This darwaza (gate) is primarily composed of bricks, which are then coated with lime, lending it a striking appearance.
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
