The vegetation of Savannah consists of grassland with scattered small trees, but extensive areas have no trees. The forest development in such areas is generally kept in check by one or more or a combination of some conditions. Which of the following are such conditions?
- Burrowing animals and termites
- Fire
- Grazing herbivores
- Seasonal rainfall
- Soil properties
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2021 Prelims]
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 4 and 5
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 3 and 5
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
- Savannah is a type of climate categorized under the Tropical Wet and Dry Climate or Sudan Climate. It experiences two seasons – winter and summer – with the latter bringing rainfall.
- This climate has less annual rainfall compared to the monsoon climate and doesn’t have a distinct rainy season.
- Floods and droughts are common in Savannah. The landscape is dominated by tall grass and short trees.
- Grazing intensity is a significant factor in shaping the Savannah, and grazing herbivores play a crucial role in keeping a check on the forest.
- Bushfires are frequent due to the alternating wet and dry seasons, which can modify the forest. Savannah is categorized into wet, dry, or thornbush based on the seasonal rainfall it receives.
- While soil properties do influence the type of Savannah and its vegetation, they don’t contribute to checking it once formed. However, the statement that burrowing animals or termites do not impact the Savannah.
Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.
