The Himalayan Range is very rich in species diversity. Which one among the following is the most appropriate reason for this phenomenon?
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2011 Prelims]
(a) It has a high rainfall that supports luxuriant vegetative growth
(b) It is a confluence of different biogeographical zones
(c) Exotic and invasive species have not been introduced in this region
(d) It has less human interference
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
- India’s biogeographic classification is based on its biogeographic characteristics, which involves the study of the distribution of species, organisms, and ecosystems across geographical space and geological time.
- India is divided into ten biogeographic zones, which include the Trans-Himalayan, Himalayan, Desert, Semiarid, Western Ghat, Deccan Plateau, Gangetic Plain, Northeast, Coastal, and Island zones.
- The Himalayan range is a convergence point for the Trans-Himalayan, Himalayan, and Northeast zones and is considered a biodiversity hotspot.
- These zones have a diverse range of climates, including tropical, temperate, and tundra, which contributes to their rich biodiversity of flora and fauna. Therefore, the second option is correct.
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
