Magnetite particles, suspected to cause neurodegenerative problems, are generated as environmental pollutants from which of the following?
- Brakes of motor vehicles
- Engines of motor vehicles
- Microwave stoves within homes
- Power plants
- Telephone line
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2021 Prelims]
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 3, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
- Magnetite particles are a highly magnetic mineral form of iron and are known to be present in air pollution.
- Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with pulmonary, cardiovascular and neurological problems.
- Magnetite, a mixed Fe2+/Fe3+ oxide, is ubiquitous and abundant in PM in urban environments and might play a specific role in both neurodegeneration and cardiovascular disease.
- Magnetite has been found in homing pigeons, migratory salmon and even bats, and is believed to play a role in their directional orientation.
- Vehicle brake systems are the major source of airborne magnetite at the roadside. Hence statement 1 is correct.
- Petrol and diesel-engine exhaust are also a source of airborne magnetite. Hence statement 2 is correct.
- Other sources of Magnetite pollution include Power plants. Hence statements 4 is correct.
