Due to some reasons, if there is a huge fall in the population of species of butterflies, what could be its likely consequence/consequences?

1. Pollination of some plants could be adversely affected.
2. There could be a drastic increase in the fungal infections of some cultivated plants.
3. It could lead to a fall in the population of some species of wasps, spiders and birds.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2017 Prelims]

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: (c)        

Explanation:

• Butterflies, as well as bees, have a crucial role in pollinating plants and aiding crop production. By transferring pollen grains, butterflies facilitate plant reproduction.
• If butterfly populations decline significantly, pollination of certain plants could suffer negative effects. Therefore, Statement 1 is correct.
• Currently, there is no scientific evidence to support the notion that a dramatic increase in fungal infections among cultivated plants has occurred. Therefore, Statement 2 is incorrect.
• A decline in butterfly populations could have an impact on the populations of other species, such as wasps, spiders, and birds, as these creatures rely on butterflies as a primary food source. Therefore, Statement 3 is correct.