Consider the following statements:

  1. The Factories Act, 1881 was passed with a view to fix the wages of industrial workers and to allow the workers to form trade unions.
  2. N.M. Lokhande was a pioneer in organizing the labour movement in British India.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2017 Prelims]

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2


Answer: (b)

Explanation:

  • The Factory Act of 1881 was the first-ever act implemented during Lord Ripon’s rule in British India.
  • To further improve the working conditions of labour, a Factory Commission was established in 1885.
  • The Act prohibited the employment of children under seven and also restricted the working hours of children under twelve.
  • Additionally, it mandated a one-hour rest period during the working hours and proper fencing of dangerous machinery.
  • However, there was no mention of forming trade unions in the Act, making statement 1 incorrect.
  • M. Lokhande played a crucial role in organizing the labour movement in British India and advocated for better working conditions of textile mill-hands as well as addressing caste and communal issues, making statement 2 correct.

Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

Consider the following statements:                                                                   The Parliament of India can place a particular law in the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution of India. The validity of a law placed in the Ninth Schedule cannot be examined by any court and no judgement can be made on it. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:                                               

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Consider the following statements:                                                         The Parliament of India can place a particular law in the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution of India. The validity of a law placed in the Ninth Schedule cannot be examined by any court and no judgement can be made on it. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:                                               

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