Consider the following international agreements

1. The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
2. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
3. The World Heritage Convention

Which of the above has/have a bearing on the biodiversity?

[UPSC Civil Services Exam – 2014 Prelims]

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: (d)        

Explanation:

International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

• Adopted in 2001 by the 31st session of the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations
• Also known as the Seed Treaty
• India is a signatory to the treaty

United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification

• Sole legally binding international agreement linking environment and development to sustainable land management
• Drafted in 1994, became effective in 1996 after receiving 50 ratifications
• Aim is to implement the Convention and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals through partnerships among its 197 Parties

World Heritage Convention

• Created in 1972 to identify and safeguard natural and cultural heritage of outstanding universal value
• Operates under the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)